Bangayan O, Navasca M, Navasca R, Abaquita-Espiritu J, Calaranan M. Innovating Pedagogical Approaches in Industrial Technology and Livelihood Education: A Comparative Study of BTVTED and BTED Programs in Enhancing Technical Competency and Workforce Readiness in Philippine State Universities. IJCHR. 2025;7(SI2):676-692. doi:10.63931/ijchr.v7iSI2.235